{"id":1870,"date":"2025-12-02T15:34:25","date_gmt":"2025-12-02T15:34:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hatarakinihongo.com\/?p=1870"},"modified":"2025-12-02T15:43:22","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T15:43:22","slug":"sdlc-vong-doi-phat-trien-phan-mem-phan-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hatarakinihongo.com\/?p=1870","title":{"rendered":"SDLC – V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m – Ph\u1ea7n 2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"Software<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u524d\u56de\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u300cSDLC\uff08\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u958b\u767a\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\uff09\u2015 \u30d1\u30fc\u30c81<\/strong>\u300d<\/a>\u306b\u7d9a\u304d\u3001\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u73fe\u5728\u5e83\u304f\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u958b\u767a\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3054\u7d39\u4ecb\u3044\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft SDLC – V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m – Ph\u1ea7n 1<\/strong><\/a>, trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u578b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Waterfall<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5404\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30ba\u304c\u6edd\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u9806\u756a\u306b\u9032\u884c\u3059\u308b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5404\u6bb5\u968e\u304b\u3089\u5b8c\u4e86\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u6b21\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u306b\u9032\u3080\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ba1\u7406\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u304c\u3001\u9014\u4e2d\u3067\u4ed5\u69d8\u5909\u66f4\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u5bfe\u5fdc\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b20\u70b9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng khi gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng ph\u00e1t sinh thay \u0111\u1ed5i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30a2\u30b8\u30e3\u30a4\u30eb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Agile<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u30a2\u30b8\u30e3\u30a4\u30eb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u958b\u767a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u3068\u8fc5\u901f\u306a\u5bfe\u5fdc\u529b\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3059\u308b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002\u958b\u767a\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u53cd\u5fa9\uff08\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff09\u3054\u3068\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u3067\u8981\u4ef6\u5b9a\u7fa9\u30fb\u8a2d\u8a08\u30fb\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u30fb\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u5b9f\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Agile l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo t\u1eebng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p nh\u1ecf (iteration), trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u306f\u3001\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u9593\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3084\u9867\u5ba2\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30cb\u30fc\u30ba\u3092\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u88fd\u54c1\u3092\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306b\u6539\u5584\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u70b9\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 cao giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, gi\u00fap s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u578b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Hybrid<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u578b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u30a2\u30b8\u30e3\u30a4\u30eb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u9577\u6240\u3092\u6d3b\u304b\u3059\u958b\u767a\u624b\u6cd5\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8981\u4ef6\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u9032\u3081\u3001\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u304c\u4e88\u60f3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u30a2\u30b8\u30e3\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Hybrid l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa Waterfall v\u00e0 Agile, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Waterfall, trong khi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo Agile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u8981\u4ef6\u304c\u3042\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u660e\u78ba\u3060\u304c\u5909\u66f4\u3082\u60f3\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306b\u9069\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u7ba1\u7406\u3092\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u70b9\u304c\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u8a08\u753b\u6027\u3068\u30a2\u30b8\u30e3\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9032\u6357\u3092\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u65b9\u5411\u4fee\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1eeba c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch theo Waterfall v\u1edbi t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Agile, nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53cd\u5fa9\u578b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Iterative<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u53cd\u5fa9\u578b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u3092\u8907\u6570\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u5f90\u3005\u306b\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u624b\u6cd5\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5404\u53cd\u5fa9\u3054\u3068\u306b\u3001\u8a2d\u8a08\u30fb\u5b9f\u88c5\u30fb\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30fb\u6539\u5584\u3092\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u9032\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Iterative (l\u1eb7p) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n qua nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. \u1ede m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5229\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u7ba1\u7406\u3092\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u958b\u767a\u3068\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u554f\u984c\u3092\u65e9\u671f\u306b\u767a\u898b\u30fb\u4fee\u6b63\u3067\u304d\u3001\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u4e0d\u5177\u5408\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3092\u9632\u304e\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u65e9\u3044\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30cb\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u5408\u3063\u305f\u88fd\u54c1\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf trong m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p, nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1edbm, gi\u00fap s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u5b57\u578b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef V<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u767a\u5c55\u3055\u305b\u305f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u3001\u5404\u958b\u767a\u5de5\u7a0b\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u5de5\u7a0b\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u521d\u671f\u6bb5\u968e\u304b\u3089\u54c1\u8cea\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3059\u308b\u70b9\u304c\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb Waterfall, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u958b\u767a\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3054\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u304c\u901a\u5e38\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6bb5\u968e\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u9032\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4f5c\u696d\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u52a9\u3068\u306a\u308c\u3070\u5e78\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u958b\u767a\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u3084\u304a\u5ba2\u69d8\u3068\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u3088\u308a\u5186\u6ed1\u306b\u9032\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Hy v\u1ecdng n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o, m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi team dev, hay kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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